What is Global Warming? | What is Global Warming?
Changes in radiation or heat balance are taking place due to globally respectable activities which are causing problems for the world in the form of global warming and the resulting global environmental changes. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere close to the Earth’s surface in the Solar System, which changes global climate patterns. Global warming is usually the result of an increase in heat generated by an increase in greenhouse gases emitted by human activities.
What is Greenhouse?
The greenhouse is like a building made of glass walls. Plants in these greenhouses are grown in areas with cold climates or in cold countries. Despite low outdoor temperatures, greenhouse temperatures continue to rise.
What is the working process of Greenhouse?
Visible light can pass through short wave endurance or greenhouse gases. Infrared light cannot pass through long-wave long glass greenhouse gases and back again.
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
Some of the solar radiation coming from the Sun is changed by the Earth and the atmosphere. Some of the radiation is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and heats it. Infrared radiation is released by the earth and some infrared radiation enters the atmosphere. Some greenhouse gases are absorbed by the atmosphere and released again in all directions. This heats up the Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere.
How is the earth like a greenhouse?
Prithvi is the Indian function of a green planet. The Earth’s greenhouse, which is found in the Earth’s lower atmosphere, is wrapped in the Earth like a blanket and acts like the glass of the greenhouse. That is, it allows shorter wavelengths of solar radiation to come in but absorbs longer wavelengths of radiation returning from Earth. This adjustment transmits heat waves from the Earth’s surface to the surface out of space. This causes the Earth’s cover to shrink slightly, keeping the Earth warm and habitable. Therefore, a natural greenhouse keeps the earth’s surface warm and provides a certain temperature.
What is the natural greenhouse effect?
Nature is responsible for the greenhouse effect caused by naturally occurring greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This process makes the Earth’s surface warm and habitable. The natural greenhouse effect keeps the Earth warm at a mean temperature of 15 °C. In the absence of greenhouse gases, the Earth’s average temperature could drop to minus 20 degrees Celsius. The emissions of man-made clean household gases upset the natural balance and increase the temperature. As the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases, there will be more infrared radiation, which will increase the greenhouse effect.
What are the disadvantages of Green House Effect?
- In the summer season, the heat will increase and natural disaster will increase. Cyclone will be normal.
- There will be disturbance in the water balance on the earth.
- Life and ecosystems may be disrupted.
- Due to the influence of seasonal patterns, there is a risk of irregular rainfall in many parts of the world.
- Increasing greenhouse effect can harm human life and the world economy.
- A two to three percent increase in temperature could reduce global production.
What are Greenhouse Gases?
Greenhouse gas refers to those gases in the atmosphere that are both natural and man-made. It absorbs and releases infrared radiation. Water vapor and CO2 are found in abundance in the atmosphere such as those found in the atmosphere and absorb more and more of the infrared radiation in an area. The other main greenhouse gases are CH4 (methane), N2O (nitrous oxide) and CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons).
water vapour
Water vapor is the most variable and uneven distribution component in the atmosphere. Its volume varies at different altitudes. The amount of water vapor decreases with height. Apart from this, it also decreases on moving from low latitudes to high latitudes. The water vapor reduces the amount of sunlight on the ground by consuming some part of the sunset. It absorbs the Earth’s radiation and produces a greenhouse effect such as CO2. Humans are not directly responsible for water vapor emissions because they do not emit the amount of water vapor that causes significant changes in atmospheric concentration. However, an increase in the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is also caused by CO2 and other greenhouse gases, increasing the evaporation rate of plants. Also, like CO2, water vapor cannot remain constant in the air, as it changes through the water cycle in the form of waterlogging and precipitation and condensation.
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide gas accounts for 60% of global warming. It is a primary greenhouse gas emitted by honorable works. Carbon dioxide is naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth’s carbon cycle (the natural flow of carbon between the atmosphere, oceans, soil, flora and fauna). It is the main heat absorber viz. Any change in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can change the temperature of the atmosphere.
methane
Methane gas contributes 20% to global warming. It is present much less in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide. But its importance is greater because this mission is 20 to 30 times more efficient than carbon dioxide in absorbing infrared rays emitted by Earth. Methane is the product of incomplete decomposition and under anoxic conditions methane is produced by bacteria. Methane is emitted from wetlands with freshwater because methane is produced due to the decomposition of oxygen under the influence of organic matter. Termites digest cellulose and produce methane in the same sequence. Methane is produced as a result of anoxic action by Methanogen bacteria in flood affected paddy fields and Kutch areas. Methane gas is also produced by grazing animals such as cows, bulls and sheep. Coal mining and mining for oil and natural gas are other sources of methane emissions.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
Nitrous oxide is naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth’s nitrogen cycle. Or 6% of the gas is responsible for global heating. Nitrous oxide is also known as laughing gas.
fluorinated gases
They contribute 14% to global warming. They are emitted into the atmosphere by replacing this ozone-depleting material and by many industrial processes such as the manufacture of aluminum and semiconductors. Most fluorinated gases have a greater global heat capacity than other greenhouse gases. Fluorinated gases are the most potent and long-lived type of greenhouse gases emitted by human activities. There are mainly three types of fluorinated gas –
1. HFC- Hydrofluorocarbons
Ozone of hydrofluorocarbons was introduced as a replacement for dissolved gases such as CFCs and HCFCs. Although ozone does not dissolve with this gas, it is a strong greenhouse gas and has an important role in climate change. Because it increases global warming. It is regulated by the Kyoto Protocol and not the Montreal Protocol. HFCs have a long atmospheric life span and high global heat capacity. It is used in cold refrigerators, aerosol propellants, solvents and fire fighting equipment.
2. PFC- Perfluorocarbon
These components are honed products of various industrial processes associated with aluminum production and manufacturing of semi-conductors. PFCs also have a longer environmental life and higher global heat capacity on the HFC side.
3. SF6- Sulfur Hexafluoride
SF6 is used in the manufacturing of semiconductors in magnesium processes. Also, it is a detection gas used for leak detection. SF6 is used in power distribution equipment which also includes circuit breakers. SF6 has a global heat capacity of 22800 which makes it a strong greenhouse gas according to the IPCC.
Other factors affecting global warming
black carbon
Black is not an organic gas but a solid particle or aerosol commonly known as soot, which is a constituent of particulate matter and is produced by the reduction of fossil fuels, biofuels and biomass. Or the light-absorbing material that contributes to global warming. It has the ability to heat the air directly. At the same time, it reduces the albedo of the earth by accumulating on ice and snow which makes the earth warmer. It freezes on snow and ice, darkening them and melting them. Black carbon is directly emitted into the atmosphere in the form of fine particles. Black carbon can absorb a million times more heat than CO2. Black carbon affects the climate by-
- By absorbing direct sunlight.
- Reduce reflection from snow and ice deposits.
- hitting the clouds.
Regionally, black carbon disrupts monsoon rains in clouds and accelerates the melting of Hindukush Himalayan glaciers, etc. Due to its temperature and melting effect, sensitive areas like Arctic and Himalayan regions remain vulnerable.
Black carbon produces atmospheric brown clouds and changes precipitation patterns and intensity. Black carbon has a short atmospheric life span. It can remain in the environment for only a few days to weeks. As a result, black carbon emissions are reduced and their effect ends within 30 days.
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